抗T细胞单克隆抗体对再生障碍性贫血患者TNF和IL—2水平的影响

为探讨抗Ｔ淋巴细胞克隆抗体对再生障碍性贫血患者免疫功能的调节作用，采用放射免疫检测２５例ＡＡ患者ＭｃＡｂ－Ｔ治疗前后血清肿瘤坏死因子和白细胞介素－２（ＩＬ－２）水平及其中１０例周围血单个核细胞体外诱生ＴＮＦ和ＩＬ－２水平的变化。     

Three dinucleotide repeat polymorphisms at the D8S1217, D8S1220, and D8S1221 loci

Three polymorphic dinucleotide (CA) repeat clones were isolated from a CEPH mega-YAC clone (936F7), and were localized to chromosome 8 using a panel of 13 mouse/human somatic cell hybrids.     

Formation of Regular Hole Pattern in Polymer Films

Ordered macroporous materials recently have attracted much attention. A method that utilizes the condensation of monodisperse water droplets on a polymer solution is proposed for the preparation of honeycomb microporous films. Our results show that it is a general method that can be used for patterning a wide range of polymers. The presence of water vapor and polymer is necessary for the formation of regular holes in films. The formation of hexagonal packing instead of other kinds of packing takes place because the hexagonal packing has the lowest free energy. The formation mechanisms of regular hole pattern and imperfections in the hexagonal packing are proposed.

Hexagonal hole structures in a PMMA film.     

钙离子载体在诱导人外周血单核细胞分化为树突状细胞中的作用

目的研究钙离子载体(CI)能否诱导人外周血单核细胞(PBMC)分化为树突状细胞(DC)，并初步探讨其信号转导途径。方法分离健康献血者的PBMC，在体外用CI(A23187)或人重组粒细胞／巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(rhGM—CSF)和CI培养40h，或rhGM-CSF和白细胞介素4(IL-4)培养7d，部分PBMC预先用W-7或CsA或K35926处理30min后，再加入上述细胞因子或CI。相差显微镜下观察细胞形态，流式细胞仪检测细胞表面CD14、CD80、CD86、CD83等分子的表达，MTT比色法检测其对同种异体混合T淋巴细胞的刺激增殖作用。结果健康献血者的PBMC经CI培养40h，或rhGM—CSF与CI培养40h，或rhGM-CSF与IL-4培养7d，均可获得DC的典型形态和表面分子的表达，包括CD14表达下调、共刺激分子(CD80、CD86)表达上调，以及较强刺激同种异体混合T淋巴细胞增殖的作用；CI诱导的DC其CD14分子的下调及CD83分子的上调更明显，刺激混合T淋巴细胞的增殖能力更强；rhGM-CSF可协同CI诱导PBMC向DC的分化。经rhGM—CSF及CI处理的PBMC，其形态、表面标志物及对T细胞的刺激增殖能力，均受到W-7或CsA或KT5926不同程度的抑制；而rhGM-CSF及IL-4所诱导的PBMC其形态、表面分子的表达以及刺激T细胞增殖的作用却不受上述抑制剂的影响。结论CI可快速诱导PBMC向DC分化，其分化过程可能受控于Ca^2 /钙调蛋白及其下游的多个细胞信号转导途径的调节。     

Exogenous antigens are processed through the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) in cross-presentation by dendritic cells

Antigen cross-presentation is critical in infectious and tumor immunity where cytotoxic T lymphocytes are induced by dendritic cells specifically equipped with cellular machineries to present exogenous antigens with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules. To examine molecular mechanisms of antigen cross-presentation, we employed as a model system a murine dendritic cell line DC2.4 capable of presenting soluble antigens such as ovalbumin (OVA) with MHC class I. Here, we demonstrate that exogenously added OVA is accumulated in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and late endosomes followed by retrograde transport to the cytoplasm through the Sec61 transporter complexes, and that CHIP functions as an E3 ubiquitin-ligase for OVA degradation by proteasomes. This mechanism is essentially the same as that known as the ER-associated degradation (ERAD) in the quality control of secretary and membrane proteins.     

Apoptin基因/壳聚糖纳米粒的制备及其对U937细胞凋亡的诱导作用

目的以羧甲基壳聚糖为基质材料,制备apoptin基因缓释微球,探讨其对U937细胞凋亡的作用。方法采用复凝聚法制备apoptin/壳聚糖微球,分别用光镜观察微球形态、内切酶研究其稳定性、DNA电泳阻滞分析apoptin/壳聚糖最佳比例、PCR测定apoptin基因作为复制摸板能力、用MTT法检测其抗肿瘤活性。结果壳聚糖与apoptin基因可形成稳定的微球,其直径在200～300之间,成球性较好,apoptin/壳聚糖微球P/N最佳质量比为5.5:1。微球能够有效防止DNA酶的降解作用,apoptin/微球载体中的基因仍具有DNA复制摸板功能,并能有效地转染U937细胞,转染48h可诱导U937细胞发生凋亡,从而抑制瘤细胞生长。结论apoptin基因与羧甲基壳聚糖可形成稳定的缓释微球,并能有效地转染肿瘤细胞,诱导肿瘤细胞发生凋亡。     

大学生网络交往动机的差异研究

目的探讨大学生网络交往动机,为有效引导大学生认识和参与网络交往,同时为社会、学校、家长制定相应干预措施提供一定的心理依据。方法采用自编的大学生网络交往动机量表和Wrightsman编制的人性哲学量表—独立性分量表,对646名大学生的网络交往动机的差异进行研究。结果电大学生的网络交往动机更倾向于"交往/寻求帮助",而普通全日制高校学生更倾向于"消遣/娱乐";男生更倾向于"交往/寻求帮助"、"消遣/娱乐"、"好奇/追求时尚"、"网络优越感";理科学生更倾向于"交往/寻求帮助"、"网络优越感"、"消遣/娱乐"、"好奇/追求时尚";高年级大学生更倾向于"消遣/娱乐"、"好奇/追求时尚";独立性高的大学生网络交往的动机更倾向于"交往/寻求帮助"、"网络优越感"。结论大学生的网络交往动机因学校、专业、年级、性别、独立性人格特征不同而存在不同程度的差异。     

唑来膦酸联合泰索帝治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌骨转移疗效分析

目的 评价唑来磷酸联合泰索帝治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌骨转移的疗效及安全性.方法 41例晚期非小细胞肺癌骨转移患者随机分为唑来膦酸联合泰索帝(A组)及单用唑来磷酸(B组)治疗,对两组疗效进行分析比较.结果 A组骨痛缓率、生存质量改善率略好于B组(P>0.05).毒副作用差异无显著性.A组骨转移灶修复率52.4%(11/29),B组20.0%(4/20).差异有显著性(P<0.05).结论 唑来膦酸联合泰索帝治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌骨转移有较好的治疗用,毒性可耐受.     

软组织磷酸盐尿性间叶肿瘤的临床病理分析

目的研究磷酸盐尿性间叶肿瘤（混合结缔组织亚型）的临床与病理学特点。方法对1例骨软化症患者的肿块切除标本进行光镜、电镜和免疫组化SP法检测。结合临床资料，并复习相关文献。结果患者表现为顽固性骨软化症、低磷酸盐血症，高磷酸盐尿，高血清碱性磷酸酶，外周血单核细胞增多，血钙浓度正常。经99mTc—OCT（奥曲肽）检查指导临床发现左胭窝区小肿块并切除之。术后3天，血磷恢复正常。光镜下肿瘤主要由肥胖的梭形细胞和破骨细胞样多核巨细胞构成，具有丰富的血管，可见血管外皮瘤样血管、散在脂肪岛、明显的出血及含铁血黄素沉积，肿瘤边缘有不完整的膜状骨样或软骨样组织。电镜下见梭形细胞内含数量不等的细颗粒状电子致密物，其中部分为结晶样高电子致密度颗粒。免疫组化显示多核细胞和单核间质细胞CD68阳性。结论该例为肿瘤源性骨软化症，其病理类型为磷酸盐尿性间叶肿瘤，混合结缔组织亚型。外科切除后治愈，99mTc-OCT对于指导临床发现小的隐蔽病灶很有价值。     

骨髓增生异常综合征中的微环境异常

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is considered as a preleukemic course, characteristic of hypercellular marrow and pancytopenia. Many studies have demonstrated that defects occur in the heamtopoiet-ic cells from patients with MDS. Recently, many abnormal changes in apoptosis, proliferation, ability of hematopoietic support, cytokine secretion, clonal origin of stromal cells and angiogenesis have also been re-vealed in the bone marrow mieroenvironment of MDS patients.